Scala中的Match表达式类似于C++语言中的switch表达式，但功能比switch更加丰富，写法也更加自然和方便。

Scala's match expression lets you select from a number of alternatives, just like switch statements in other languages. In general a match expression lets you select using arbitrary patterns.

参考示例代码：

object S013_PatternMatch {

	def simpleMatch(s : Any){
		s match {
			case 200 => println("This is two hundreds.")
			case "laomeng" => println("Hello, laomeng.")
			case x: String => println(s"got a string $x")
			case x: Int => println(s"got a integer $x")
			case x: Array[Int] => {
				println(s"got a Int Array:")
				for(i <- x){
					println(i)
				}
			}
			case _ => println("got something else")
		}
	}
	
	def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
		simpleMatch(100)
		simpleMatch("mengguang")
		simpleMatch(Array[Int](1,2,3))
		simpleMatch(List[Int](2,3,4))
		simpleMatch(200)
		simpleMatch("laomeng")
	}

}

参考资料：

http://www.artima.com/pins1ed/builtin-control-structures.html#7.5

http://www.artima.com/pins1ed/case-classes-and-pattern-matching.html